{"id":3666,"date":"2021-02-02T08:29:50","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T08:29:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sanatankultura.com\/?p=3666"},"modified":"2021-03-19T14:04:14","modified_gmt":"2021-03-19T14:04:14","slug":"the-six-major-systems-of-hindu-philosophy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sanatankultura.com\/?p=3666&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"The six major systems of Hindu philosophy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Nyaya shastra<\/h2><\/div>


Nyaya-Sastra was founded by Gautama Rishi. He wrote 521 Sutras. These Sutras are divided into 5 parts with 10 chapters and 80 sub-chapters. Many authors wrote commentaries on his teachings, interperated his ideas and added new ones. Nyaya literally means Logic. It is applied as a logical method itself, not only to describe a system structured according to the rules of logic.

The teaching of Nyaya states that the suffering of human existence is caused by the cycle of death and rebirth. Re-birth occurs as a result of actions or deeds performed in previous lives. The cause for action lies in having both the desire for pleasant experiences and in the wish to avoid unpleasant ones. Wishes and aversions originate out of ignorance of the true nature of the human Soul, and its relationship to the body, as well as the other objects of creation.
True knowledge about the existence of the Soul as being non-different from the rest of creation dispels ignorance. The elimination of ignorance changes desire and aversion into happiness (Ananda) and grants freedom from Karma. In this way, knowledge leads to the end of rebirth and suffering of human existence.

Knowledge can be acquired through true sources of perception:

a) OBSERVATION
b) COMPARISON
c) DEDUCTION
d) TEACHINGS FROM THE MASTER


Detailed explanation of the rules of inductive and deductive logic follow, along with the cause and results. TWELVE OBJECTS OF PERCEPTION ARE:<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

  1. The Soul, different from human mind and body and all other created objects.<\/li>
  2. The intellect or Buddhi, an attribute of the Soul not of the mind.<\/li>
  3. The five sense organs of perception: seeing, hearing, feeling smelling and tasting.<\/li>
  4. The five objects of the senses: ether, air, fire, water and earth.<\/li>
  5. The five skills of contact of each sense organ with objects of the senses:
    • hearing Ether with the ears<\/li>
    • touch of Air on the skin<\/li>
    • seeing Fire with the eyes<\/li>
    • tasting Water with the tongue<\/li>
    • smelling the Earth with the nose<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
    • The human body consists of five objects of the senses: Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Ether.<\/li>
    • Karma or deeds.<\/li>
    • Positive or negative results of actions.<\/li>
    • Wish and rejection (Raga<\/em> and Dvesa<\/em>).<\/li>
    • Reincarnation<\/li>
    • Religion<\/li>
    • Realisation<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      This system of Indian philosophy acknowledges the existance of God as Creator of the Universe. The Universe must have a creator like any other object. The principle theme is Realisation of the true nature of the human Soul (Atma<\/em>). God or Paramatma <\/em>is different from the body and other created things and is considered omnipresent and all pervading. This principle describes a detailed atom theory of Matter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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